Kev saib xyuas lub tshuab ua kom zoo yog ib txoj kev npaj ua tib zoo uas ua kom cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua tau zoo. Txawm hais tias nws cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm teem sijhawm, kho xwm txheej ceev, lossis kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv niaj hnub, kev saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm feem ntau xav tau ntau pua tus kws tshaj lij, cov neeg cog lus, thiab cov neeg soj ntsuam ua haujlwm ib txhij hauv lub sijhawm txwv.
Ntawm ntau txoj kev tshuaj xyuas siv thaum lub sij hawm kho refinery, Radiographic Testing (RT) tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov vuam zoo thiab kuaj xyuas qhov tsis xws luag hauv siab -cov khoom siv. Gamma radiography yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb vim nws tso cai rau cov neeg soj ntsuam xyuas cov kav dej, cov hlab ntsha siab, thiab cov khoom siv yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev qhia cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau hauv lub chaw ua haujlwm tsis khoom siv kuj tseem qhia txog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam txog hluav taws xob. Kev tswj cov kev phom sij no yuav tsum muaj ntau dua li ua raws li cov cai yooj yim. Nws xav tau kev npaj ua tib zoo, txhim khu kev qha hluav taws xob saib xyuas cov cuab yeej, thiab kev sib koom tes zoo ntawm NDT pab pawg, cov neeg ua haujlwm tu vaj tse, thiab kev tswj xyuas cov tshuab ua kom zoo.
Raws li cov phiaj xwm refinery ua qhov loj dua thiab ntau lub sijhawm-sensitive, kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev ua tiav qhov project.
Yog vim li cas Radiation Safety yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm kho Refinery
Tsis zoo li cov kev tsim kho tshiab, kev saib xyuas lub tshuab ua kom zoo yuav tshwm sim hauv kev khiav hauj lwm lossis ib feem ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm uas muaj ntau yam dej num tshwm sim tib lub sijhawm.
Cov haujlwm tu ib txwm muaj xws li:
Hloov cov kav dej
Kev kho lub nkoj siab
Thaum tshav kub kub exchanger tu
Kev kuaj xyuas lub tank
Cov qauv vuam
Valve hloov
Kev ntsuam xyuas corrosion
Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob feem ntau ua tam sim tom qab vuam los xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm kev kho ua ntej cov khoom siv rov qab los rau kev pabcuam.
Txij li thaum cov kev tshuaj xyuas no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog rau txhua yam, hluav taws xob, rwb thaiv tsev, thiab kev ua haujlwm scaffolding, kev tswj cov hluav taws xob cuam tshuam yuav nyuaj dua.
Lub hom phiaj tsis yog tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov kws yees duab hluav taws xob nkaus xwb tab sis kuj yog txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm nyob ze.
Vim li cas Gamma Radiography tseem tseem ceeb
Txawm hais tias kev kuaj ultrasonic thiab lwm txoj hauv kev NDT txuas ntxiv txhim kho, gamma radiography tseem tseem ceeb rau ntau daim ntawv thov refinery.
Nws yog dav siv vim nws tuaj yeem:
Txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag hauv qhov vuam
Tsim cov duab soj ntsuam mus tas li
Tshawb xyuas tuab- cov khoom siv phab ntsa
Nkag mus rau complex piping systems
Ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj hluav taws xob sab nraud
Ntau tus tswv tsev refinery txuas ntxiv mus qhia txog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txais weld vim nws cov pov thawj kev ntseeg tau thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb xyuas tau.
Vim li no, kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tseem txuas nrog rau kev ua haujlwm kho cov tshuab ua kom zoo thoob ntiaj teb.
Common Radiation Safety Challenges Thaum Kho
Kev saib xyuas lub tshuab ua kom zoo qhia txog ntau yam kev ua haujlwm uas ua rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws xob tsis yooj yim.
Cov kev sib tw uas muaj xws li:
Ntau tus neeg cog lus sib koom ua haujlwm
Cov haujlwm tu vaj tse loj tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau tus neeg cog lus ua haujlwm hauv tib lub tsev ua haujlwm.
Yog tias tsis muaj kev sib koom tes zoo, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsis paub txog qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob.
Kev hloov sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua
Kev saib xyuas qhov tseem ceeb feem ntau hloov thoob plaws hauv qhov project.
Cov pab pawg xov tooj cua tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntau zaus hauv ib hnub, yuav tsum tau tsim cov kab hluav taws xob ntau zaus.
Congested Process Units
Cov yeeb nkab racks, cov khoom siv platforms, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom kaw cia tseg qhov chaw txwv rau kev tsim cov cheeb tsam cais tawm.
Kev tswj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob deb yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj.
Kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua
Qee qhov chaw ua kom zoo dua qub tseem ua haujlwm thaum muaj kev saib xyuas nyob rau lwm qhov.
Qhov no nce qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab RT cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Tsim kom muaj hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig-Cov chaw tswj hwm
Ua ntej txhua qhov tshwm sim, pawg xov tooj hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsim kom meej meej meej cov hluav taws xob-tswj thaj chaw.
Kev tswj ciam teb zoo feem ntau suav nrog:
Siab - pom cov cim ceeb toom
Kev tiv thaiv lub cev ib ntus
Radiation ceeb toom teeb qhov tsim nyog
Dedicated cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv hluav taws xob
Cov txheej txheem tswj kev nkag mus
Kev soj ntsuam tas li thaum raug
Vim tias kev saib xyuas cov haujlwm tas li hloov zuj zus mus, cov ciam teb hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tias yuav siv tau thoob plaws hauv tag nrho kev hloov pauv.
Kev txheeb xyuas tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Tus Kheej Dosimetry tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm ib leeg
Tus kheej dosimetry yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob refinery.
Electronic Personal Dosimeters (EPDs) tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev raug mob tsis tu ncua thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm radiographic.
Piv nrog cov cim passive ib txwm muaj, hluav taws xob dosimeters muaj ntau yam zoo:
Tiag - lub sij hawm ntsuas koob
Instant dose-rate zaub
Audible tswb muaj nuj nqi
Kev ceeb toom kev vibration
Kev paub tam sim ntawm kev hloov pauv
Cov ntaub ntawv no ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem hnov mob tam sim yog tias cov hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv tsis tau xav txog.
Tiag -Kev saib xyuas lub sij hawm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov haujlwm saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm uas qhov chaw ua haujlwm hloov nquag.
Portable Survey Meters Txhawb Kev Txiav Txim Siab Zoo -Ua
Portable hluav taws xob soj ntsuam ntsuas ntsuas tau siv thoob plaws hauv cov haujlwm ua haujlwm kho vaj tse.
RT pab pawg vam khom rau lawv:
Ntsuas qib hluav taws xob ua ntej raug
Txheeb xyuas cov ciam teb cais tawm
Txheeb xyuas qhov chaw rov qab los tom qab txhua qhov txhaj tshuaj
Tshawb xyuas thaj chaw ua haujlwm ib puag ncig
Xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb rov- nkag thaum kuaj xyuas tiav
Yog tias tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb txhim khu kev qha, nws nyuaj rau kev lees paub tias thaj chaw ua haujlwm muaj kev nyab xeeb rau lwm tus neeg ua haujlwm tu.
Kev ntsuas raug txhawb nqa ob qho tib si kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tswj hwm kev ua raws cai.
Hmo ntuj ua haujlwm tu yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas ntxiv
Ntau qhov kev txhawb nqa kev saib xyuas lub tshuab ua kom zoo ua haujlwm nees nkaum- plaub teev hauv ib hnub kom txo qis cov nroj tsuag.
Hmo ntuj- hloov pauv hluav taws xob nthuav tawm ntau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntxiv:
Txo qhov pom kev
Cov neeg ua haujlwm qaug zog
Pab pawg saib xyuas me me
Kev sib txuas lus nyuaj dua
Muaj peev xwm nkag mus tsis tau tso cai
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, cov neeg cog lus feem ntau siv cov kev ntsuas ntxiv xws li:
Illuminated ceeb toom qhia
Kev tshawb fawb hluav taws xob ntau dua
Txhim khu kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj cua
Kev soj ntsuam ciam teb ntxiv
Electronic dosimeters nrog lub tswb nrov ua haujlwm
Kev tswj xyuas tib cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thaum nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Cov cuab yeej kev ntseeg siab yuav tsum tsis txhob saib dhau
Cov cuab yeej ntsuas hluav taws xob tsuas yog siv tau thaum nws ua tau zoo.
Ua ntej npaj rau kev saib xyuas refinery, cov neeg cog lus yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias tag nrho cov cuab yeej yog:
calibrated kom raug
Kev sim ua haujlwm
Them tag nrho
Mechanically tshuaj xyuas
Txhawb los ntawm cov khoom siv thaub qab
Cov cuab yeej siv tsis tau npaj txhij thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ncua kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ua haujlwm.
Kev tiv thaiv kev saib xyuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj ua haujlwm.
Kev sib txuas lus yog ib qho kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws
Ntau qhov xwm txheej hluav taws xob tau txuas nrog kev sib txuas lus tsis ua haujlwm ntau dua li cov teeb meem kev lag luam.
Piv txwv li:
Kev hloov pauv tsis tiav
Cov neeg cog lus tsis paub txog RT cov dej num
Daim ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm tsis raug
Cov ntaub ntawv ciam teb tsis raug
Kev sib koom tes tsis zoo ntawm cov tuam haujlwm
Kev ua tau zoo refinery tej yaam num feem ntau suav nrog kev sib tham txhua hnub uas muaj xws li:
Radiation Safety Officers
NDT Supervisors
HSE managers
Cov kev npaj kho mob
Cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm
Cov rooj sib tham no pab xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob tau muab kev nyab xeeb rau hauv lub sijhawm saib xyuas tag nrho.
Kev tswj hwm kev ua raws cai tiv thaiv ob tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov phiaj xwm
Cov kev pab cuam tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm kho refinery yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov kev cai hauv teb chaws thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb.
Cov kev cai ua raws li ib txwm muaj xws li:
Kev tshuaj xyuas tus kheej
Cov ntaub ntawv calibration khoom
Cov ntaub ntawv tswj cheeb tsam
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb hluav taws xob
Kev cob qhia neeg ua haujlwm
Cov txheej txheem teb xwm txheej ceev
Kev tuav cov ntaub ntawv kom raug yog ib qho tseem ceeb ib yam li kev soj ntsuam nws tus kheej.
Kev ua tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li yuav ua rau muaj kev ncua sij hawm, kev nplua rau kev tswj hwm, lossis ncua kev ua haujlwm radiography.
Kev soj ntsuam hluav taws xob niaj hnub txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo
Niaj hnub no lub refinery kho tej yaam num nce cia siab rau cov hluav taws xob saib xyuas systems.
Cov kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub no yuav suav nrog:
Electronic tus kheej dosimeters
Portable ntsuas ntsuas
Cheeb tsam hluav taws xob saib xyuas
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig digital
Centralized koob tshuaj tswj software
Cov thev naus laus zis no muab kev pom zoo dua ntawm cov teeb meem hluav taws xob thaum txo cov kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm.
Lawv kuj pab cov neeg saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej raug thiab txuas ntxiv txhim kho kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
Txhawb nqa Refinery Maintenance nrog Reliable Radiation Monitoring
Astral Route muab hluav taws xob saib xyuas cov kev daws teeb meem tsim los rau kev thov kev lag luam, suav nrog kev kho vaj tsev thiab kev lag luam hluav taws xob.
Nws cov khoom portfolio suav nrog:
Electronic tus kheej hluav taws xob dosimeters
Portable hluav taws xob soj ntsuam ntsuas ntsuas
Neutron dosimeters
Surface contamination monitors
Portable tritium saib xyuas tshuab
Cov kev daws teeb meem no pab cov neeg cog lus ntxiv dag zog rau cov phiaj xwm tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, txhim kho kev tswj hwm kev ua raws cai, thiab txhawb nqa kev soj ntsuam kev nyab xeeb dua nyob rau hauv cov phiaj xwm kev kho vaj tse.
FAQ
Vim li cas kev kuaj hluav taws xob siv dav siv thaum lub sij hawm kho refinery?
Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob muab kev tshuaj xyuas sab hauv ntawm welds thiab siab- muaj cov khoom siv yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev saib xyuas cov haujlwm.
Dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm kho refinery?
Qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws yog tswj cov hluav taws xob raug hluav taws xob thaum ntau tus neeg cog lus ua haujlwm sib txawv hauv tib thaj chaw ua haujlwm.
Vim li cas thiaj li pom zoo rau tus kheej dosimeters?
Lawv muab qhov tseeb - tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm thiab lub tswb nrov, tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm teb sai yog tias qib hluav taws xob nce ntxiv.
Ntev npaum li cas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob soj ntsuam yuav tsum tau ntsuas?
Calibration ncua sij hawm nyob ntawm cov kev cai hauv zos thiab cov chaw tsim khoom pom zoo, tab sis kev ntsuas txhua xyoo yog ib txwm muaj rau ntau cov cuab yeej ntsuas hluav taws xob.
Dab tsi yog cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau siv rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob refinery?
Electronic tus kheej dosimeters, portable hluav taws xob soj ntsuam ntsuas, thaj tsam hluav taws xob saib, thiab cov cuab yeej saib xyuas kev sib kis tau dav siv los txhawb kev nyab xeeb RT.
Kev xav zaum kawg
Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev kho vaj tse refinery nrog rau kev kuaj hluav taws xob. Raws li kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm ua nruj dua thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm loj dua, kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob zoo nyob ntawm ntau dua li kev ua raws li ib leeg. Nws xav tau cov cuab yeej saib xyuas txhim khu kev qha, kev qhuab ntuas kev ua haujlwm, kev sib txuas lus muaj zog, thiab kev paub tsis tu ncua ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw.
Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke zoo - npaj kev tswj hluav taws xob ntsuas nrog cov thev naus laus zis saib xyuas niaj hnub no, cov tswv lag luam refinery thiab NDT cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm, txo qis kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas kom nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo.
